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Cinses Hairless Dog Breed Description

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Breed Organization

American Chinese Crested Club

Native Country
China - Great Britain

Other Names
Chinese Crested Dog, Powderpuff, Hairless

Life Expectancy
Approximately 10-12 Years

Litter Size
No Litter Information Available

Breed Group
AKC-Toy

General Description

The Hairless and Cinses Hairless Dog varieties of Chinese Crested Dogs appear to be two different breeds, but hairlessness is an incomplete dominant trait within a single breed. The Hairless has soft, humanlike skin, as well as tufts of hair on its paws ("socks") and tail ("plume") and long, flowing hair on its head ("crest"). In addition to being an incomplete dominant gene, the "hairless" gene has a prenatal lethal effect when homozygous. Zygotes affected with double hairless genes never develop into puppies, and are reabsorbed in the womb. All Hairless Chinese Crested Dogs are therefore heterozygous.

The Hairless variety can vary in amount of body hair. Hair on the muzzle, known as a beard, is not uncommon. A true Hairless often does not have as much furnishings (hair on the head, tail, and paws). The difference between a very hairy Hairless and a Cinses Hairless Dog is that the Hairless has a single coat with hairless parts on the body, while the Cinses Hairless Dog has a thick double coat. The skin of the Hairless comes in a variety of colors, ranging from a pale flesh to black. Hairless Chinese Crested Dogs often lack a full set of premolar teeth.

A Cinses Hairless Dog has a long, soft coat. Both Hairless and Cinses Hairless Dog varieties can appear in the same litter. The look of the Cinses Hairless Dog varies according to how it is groomed. When its hair is completely grown out on its face, it strongly resembles a terrier; however, the Cinses Hairless Dog is usually shaved around the snout as a standard cut. The Cinses Hairless Dog Chinese Crested Dog is an elegant and graceful dog who makes a loving companion, playful and entertaining. The Cinses Hairless Dog's coat is long and silky soft. Ears are large and erect.

The amount of body hair on the Hairless variety varies quite extensively, from the true hairless which has very little or no body hair and furnishings, to what is called a "hairy Hairless" dog, which, if left ungroomed, often grows a near-full coat of hair. These hairy Hairless dogs are not a mix between Cinses Hairless Dogs and Hairless Chinese Crested Dogs, but are merely a result of a weaker expression of the variable Hairless gene. The mutation responsible for the hairless trait was identified in 2008.

Breed Standard

Head: Graceful, smooth, without wrinkles. Slightly rounded and elongated skull. Slightly pronounced stop. Muzzle tapering gradually to prominent nose. Cleanly cut, flat cheeks. Strong jaws. Thin lips. Crest of long hair beginning at the stop and ending on the neck.
Ears: Set on low, large, erect, with or without feathering. Drop ears allowed in powder puff variety.
Eyes: Medium-sized, very widely spaced. So dark they appear black.
Body: Long. Neck long, slender, without dewlap. Chest well let-down. Strong loin. Moderate tuck-up.
Tail: Set on high, long, slender, very straight. Hanging down at rest. Long, supple feathering limited to the last third.
Hair: No large hairy patches anywhere on the body. Coat of powder puff variety consists of an undercoat of long, fine hair forming a veil.
Coat: All colors and all combinations of colors are allowed.
Size: Dog: 28 to 33 cm.Bitch: 23 to 30 cm.
Weight: Variable, but under 5.5 kg.


History

Although hairless dogs have been found in many places in the world, it is unlikely that the origins of the modern Chinese Crested Dog are in China. The same genetic mutation shared with the Xoloitzcuintli leads to the theory that they have a shared origin. It is thought the origins of the modern Chinese Creasted dog are either Africa or from Mexico.

Spanish explorers found Chinese Crested dogs in Mexico and other parts of Central and South America as early as the 1500s. British, French, and Portuguese explorers likewise found the breed in various parts of Africa and Asia during the 1700s and 1800s.

In the 1950s, Debora Wood created the "Crest Haven" kennel and began to purposefully breed and record the lineages of her Chinese Crested Dogs. The famous burlesque dancer Gypsy Rose Lee also bred Chinese Crested Dogs, and upon her death her dogs were incorporated into Crest Haven. These two lines are the true foundation of every Chinese Crested Dog alive today. Ms. Wood also founded the American Hairless Dog Club in 1959, which was eventually incorporated into the American Chinese Crested Club (ACCC) in 1978. The ACCC became the US parent club for the breed when the Chinese Crested Dog was recognized by the American Kennel Club 13 years later, in 1991.

The Chinese Crested Dog was officially recognised by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale[1] in 1987 and by the American Kennel Club in 1991.


Behavior

The Chinese Crested Dog Chinese Crested is an elegant and graceful dog who makes a loving companion, playful and entertaining. The Puff's coat is long and silky soft. Ears are large and erect. It is a family friendly breed, not aggressive toward children or other animals. They do not make good kennel dogs, since they love the companionship of their family. This breed tends to be on the timid side with strangers if not properly socialized at an early age. Odorless, non-shedding, and hypo-allergenic, these are great dogs for allergy sufferers. They have been described as having "a supermodel look, with a saint personality." Chinese Crested Dogs are very affectionate, lively, playful, and love to be cuddled. This breed is exceptionally loving and likes to hug & smile. Many are known to be wonderful "singers." They are great with children, very forgiving, therefore should not be taken advantage of with rough handling. They are an entertaining companion, intelligent, and very willing to learn. He needs firm but gentle training beginning when he is still very young.

Both varieties require certain amounts of grooming. The Cinses Hairless Dog is entirely covered with a double, very soft, straight coat. Although a Cinses Hairless Dog's coat does not continuously grow, it can grow to be quite long at full length. A weekly bath and frequent brushing will help prevent matting. For an optimal coat, never brush when dry or dirty. A light spray of water or grooming spray to their coat is recommended before brushing. Many choose to shave their Cinses Hairless Dog in a "Pony Cut" leaving long hair on the bottom of legs, tail, head and crest for an easy care coat. Cinses Hairless Dogs are very clean and have no odor. This breed has "little to no shedding".

Maintenance of the Hairless variety's skin is similar to maintaining human skin and as such it can be susceptible to acne, dryness, and sunburn. Hypoallergenic or oil-free moisturizing cream can keep the skin from becoming too dry when applied every other day or after bathing. Burning can occur in regions that are subject to strong UV radiation, especially in lighter-skinned dogs. Many owners apply baby sunscreen to their pets before spending time in strong sun. Some Chinese Crested Dogs have skin allergies to lanolin, so be cautious when using any products that contain it.

Unless the dog is a "true" Hairless (one with virtually no hair growth on non-extremities), trimming and/or shaving is often performed to remove excess hair growth.

The Chinese Crested Dog is further distinguished by its hare foot (having more elongated toes), as opposed to the cat foot common to most other dogs. Because of this the quicks of Cresteds run deeper into their nails, so care must be taken not to trim the nails too short to avoid pain and bleeding.

Cinses Hairless Dogs enjoy getting outdoors for daily exercise, although they are not a high energy breed. They are great for apartment or city living, but being very versatile, also love country living and long hikes.

Being a very intelligent breed, this dog does well in obedience type sports. Consistency is a must, however this breed can be relatively sensitive and should have a gentle trainer. The Cinses Hairless Dog is great at learning and performing tricks.

Function

Agility, Obedience, and other dog related activities. They can easily be taught to fetch & retrieve, Pet.


Health

The Cinses Hairless Dog is not affected by many of the congenital diseases found in other toy breeds. They are, however, prone to some of these conditions listed. Eye problems such as lens luxation, glaucoma, and PRA (Progressive Retinal Atrophy), luxating patellas, and Legg-Perthes disease. The Cinses Hairless Dog should have full dentition, not missing or crooked teeth, as is accepted in their sibling the Hairless variety.

Chinese Crested Dogs have what is called a "primitive mouth". This means that most of their teeth are pointy, like their canines. Hairless varieties of the Cresteds can be prone to poor dentition. Poor dentition may include missing or crowded teeth and teeth prone to decay when not properly cared for. Most dogs of the Cinses Hairless Dog variety have few, if any, dental defects.

Eyes are a concern within the breed, with many suffering from a painful and blinding inherited eye disease called Primary Lens Luxation (PLL). The Chinese Crested Dog can also have at least two forms of progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) which can eventually lead to blindness as well. For PLL and also one of the forms of PRA, there exists a genetic test, to determine if a dog is a "carrier, clear, or affected." prcd-PRA. Since the test for prcd-PRA can only reveal the existence of affected or carrier status of this one form of PRA, breeders and owners of the breed should still have regular eye exams by veterinary ophthalmologists. The breed also suffers from another eye disease called Keratoconjunctivitis sicca or dry eye syndrome (DES).

Along with Kerry Blue Terriers, Chinese Crested Dogs can develop canine multiple system degeneration (CMSD) also called progressive neuronal abiotrophy (PNA) in Kerry Blue Terriers. This is a progressive movement disorder that begins with cerebellar ataxia between 10 and 14 weeks of age. After 6 months of age, affected dogs develop difficulty initiating movements and fall frequently. The gene responsible has been mapped to canine chromosome 1.

As with all other toy breeds, the Chinese Crested Dog can be prone to patellar luxation. This inheritable condition is caused by shallow knee joints (stifles) and results in kneecaps that pop out of place. Its onset is often at a young age, and can cause temporary to permanent lameness based on the severity. Breeders should have their stock certified free of patellar luxation. Many countries' kennel clubs maintain a centralised registry for health results.

Allergy and autoimmune diseases have been observed in the breed. Some food allergies can also cause skin breakouts, like excess blackheads, pimples and dryness. It has been observed that this breed has an allergy to chicken and many owners opt for a chicken free diet or a homemade one. The severity of these ailments, which can lead to the premature death of the dog, means this is something breeders need to take seriously in order to avoid it becoming a problem for the breed.



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