American Bobtail
Breed Description

The American Bobtail is recognized by its distinctive name which perfectly describes its most notable feature: a naturally occurring bobbed tail that is approximately one-third to one-half the length of a typical cat's tail. This breed name has remained consistent since its recognition by major cat registries, with no significant alternate names in common use. The breed is simply and appropriately known as the American Bobtail, though some enthusiasts occasionally refer to them as "Bobtails" in casual conversation.

The American Bobtail was officially recognized by The International Cat Association (TICA) in 1989 and achieved Championship status in 2002. The Cat Fanciers' Association (CFA) granted the breed full recognition in 2006. Other major registries including the American Cat Fanciers Association (ACFA) and the Canadian Cat Association (CCA) also recognize the breed. This widespread recognition across multiple organizations reflects the breed's unique characteristics and growing popularity among cat enthusiasts.

Unlike some breeds that have different names in different countries or regions, the American Bobtail maintains its name internationally, emphasizing its North American origins. The breed's name distinguishes it from other bobtailed cat breeds around the world, such as the Japanese Bobtail, which is a completely separate breed with different origins and characteristics. The "American" designation in the name celebrates the breed's development in the United States and differentiates it from these other naturally bob-tailed breeds.

The American Bobtail is a medium to large-sized cat with a powerful, athletic build that gives them a wild, untamed appearance reminiscent of a bobcat. Males typically weigh between 12-16 pounds, while females are slightly smaller at 7-11 pounds. Their bodies are moderately long and substantial, with a rectangular stance and notable muscle definition. The breed's chest is full and broad, contributing to their robust, sturdy appearance. Their legs are of medium length with large, round paws that may have toe tufts, adding to their rugged look.

The most distinctive feature of the American Bobtail is their short, expressive tail, which can be straight, slightly curved, or slightly kinked. The tail length varies from individual to individual but is typically one-third to one-half the length of a normal cat's tail, usually 1-4 inches long. The tail is flexible and expressive, and the cat can move it freely. It should be long enough to be clearly visible above the back when the cat is alert, but not so long that it reaches the hock when extended. The tail is well-furred and may have a slightly shaggy appearance.

The American Bobtail's head is a broad, modified wedge with a distinctive brow above large, almost almond-shaped eyes that can be any color. Their eyes are set at an angle, giving them an intense, wild expression. The ears are medium-sized, wide at the base with slightly rounded tips, and may have lynx tipping. The breed can have either a short or long coat, both with a double layer providing excellent protection against the elements. The texture is somewhat hard and resilient rather than soft or silky. Long-haired varieties have a shaggy coat with a ruff around the neck and britches on the hind legs, while short-haired individuals have a medium-length coat with a similar texture.

Their facial features contribute to their wild appearance, with prominent whisker pads and a strong chin. The overall impression is of a cat that could survive in the wilderness, though they are completely domesticated. Their gait is often described as rolling due to their slightly wild type body structure, adding to their unique movement pattern that sets them apart from other domestic cats.

The American Bobtail breed originated in the 1960s through a chance encounter in the American Southwest. The foundation of the breed began when a young couple, John and Brenda Sanders, found a short-tailed brown tabby male kitten while on vacation near an Indian reservation in Arizona. They named him Yodie and brought him home to Iowa. Yodie's parentage was unknown, but his naturally short tail suggested he may have had some wild bobcat ancestry, though this was never proven. When Yodie was bred with a seal point domestic cat, several of the kittens inherited his distinctive short tail.

These original bobtailed kittens caught the attention of Mindy Schultz, a friend of the Sanders family, who recognized the potential for developing a new breed. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, breeders began working to establish the American Bobtail as a distinct breed. Early breeding programs incorporated various domestic cats to develop the breed's characteristics while maintaining the natural bobtail mutation. Unlike some breeds that are created through selective breeding of existing breeds, the American Bobtail developed from a naturally occurring genetic mutation for a short tail.

Initial breeding practices in the 1970s sometimes included color-pointed cats, which led to some health concerns due to inbreeding. Responsible breeders recognized these issues and reformed their breeding programs in the 1980s, focusing on genetic diversity and overall health. They established breeding practices that emphasized temperament, health, and the distinctive physical characteristics that define the breed today. This reformation period was crucial in creating the healthy, robust American Bobtail we know today.

The breed gained recognition from The International Cat Association (TICA) in 1989, though it took until 2002 to achieve Championship status. The Cat Fanciers' Association (CFA) accepted the breed for registration in 2000 and granted full Championship status in 2006. The American Cat Fanciers Association (ACFA) and other registries also recognized the breed during this period. Today's American Bobtails are the result of careful, selective breeding that has produced a healthy, distinctive breed with a wild appearance but a thoroughly domesticated, loving temperament.

The breed has grown steadily in popularity since achieving full recognition, appreciated for its unique appearance and wonderful personality. Modern American Bobtails are bred using responsible practices that maintain genetic diversity through outcrossing with domestic cats when necessary. The breed continues to evolve while maintaining the essential characteristics that make it distinctive: the natural bobtail, athletic build, and engaging personality that has won the hearts of cat lovers across North America and increasingly around the world.

The American Bobtail is renowned for its dog-like personality, often described as the "Golden Retriever of the cat world." These cats are incredibly social and form strong attachments to their human family members, thriving on interaction and companionship. Unlike many cat breeds that value independence, American Bobtails genuinely enjoy being involved in family activities and will follow their favorite people from room to room. They're known to greet family members at the door, a behavior more commonly associated with dogs than cats, and they often seek out physical affection throughout the day.

One of the most endearing qualities of the American Bobtail is their playful nature, which they maintain well into adulthood. These cats love interactive play and are particularly fond of fetch, willingly retrieving toys and bringing them back for another throw. They're intelligent problem-solvers who enjoy puzzle toys and games that challenge their minds. Many American Bobtails can learn tricks and respond to their names reliably. Their cleverness extends to figuring out how to open doors, cabinets, and containers, so owners often need to cat-proof their homes to prevent unwanted exploration.

American Bobtails are notably adaptable and handle change better than many cat breeds. They adjust well to new environments and situations, making them excellent travel companions and therapy cats. In fact, their calm, intuitive nature has made them popular choices for therapy work in hospitals, nursing homes, and with individuals who have special needs. They seem to sense when someone needs comfort and will offer their presence and affection freely. This sensitivity combined with their patient, gentle nature makes them exceptional with children, tolerating the enthusiastic attention of younger family members with grace.

Socially, these cats get along well with other pets, including dogs and other cats, especially when properly introduced. They enjoy having companions and often engage in play with other household animals. Their friendly disposition extends to strangers as well, with most American Bobtails greeting visitors with curiosity rather than hiding. They're typically not aloof or standoffish, preferring to be part of the action rather than observing from a distance. However, they're not overly demanding and can entertain themselves when their people are busy.

Despite their active and social nature, American Bobtails also appreciate quiet downtime with their families. They're content to lounge nearby or curl up in a lap while their owners relax or work. They communicate through a variety of vocalizations including chirps, clicks, and trills, though they're not excessively chatty. This balance of playfulness and calm companionship makes them ideal for a wide range of households, from active families to quieter homes with older adults.

Caring for an American Bobtail is relatively straightforward, though these active, intelligent cats do have specific needs that owners should address. These cats require daily interactive playtime to maintain their physical health and mental stimulation. Investing in quality toys, including puzzle feeders, interactive wands, and balls they can chase, helps satisfy their natural hunting instincts and keeps them engaged. Many American Bobtails enjoy fetch, so having several small toys they can retrieve provides excellent exercise. Cat trees and climbing structures are essential, as these athletic cats enjoy vertical spaces and observing their territory from high perches.

Environmental enrichment is important for this intelligent breed. Rotating toys to maintain interest, providing window perches for bird watching, and offering cat-safe videos or apps can prevent boredom. Some owners find that their American Bobtails enjoy harness training and supervised outdoor time or walks, which can provide additional stimulation and exercise. However, like all cats, they should never be allowed to roam freely outdoors due to the risks of traffic, predators, and disease. A secure outdoor catio or enclosed space can offer safe outdoor access.

Regular veterinary care is essential for maintaining your American Bobtail's health. Annual wellness exams allow your veterinarian to catch potential health issues early and keep vaccinations current. Dental care is particularly important, as dental disease can lead to serious health problems. Daily tooth brushing is ideal, though many cats will tolerate it only a few times per week. Dental treats and toys can supplement brushing but shouldn't replace it. Your veterinarian may also recommend professional dental cleanings periodically.

The American Bobtail's litter box should be kept scrupulously clean, as these cats can be particular about hygiene. Provide at least one litter box per cat, plus one extra, and scoop daily. The box should be large enough for a medium to large cat to turn around comfortably. Some American Bobtails are large enough to require extra-large litter boxes. Place boxes in quiet, accessible locations away from feeding areas. Most American Bobtails aren't fussy about litter type, but unscented, clumping litter is generally preferred by both cats and owners for ease of cleaning and odor control.

American Bobtails require a high-quality diet appropriate for their life stage, size, and activity level. As obligate carnivores, they need animal-based protein as the foundation of their diet. Look for cat foods where a specific meat (like chicken, turkey, or fish) is listed as the first ingredient, and avoid foods with excessive fillers like corn, wheat, or soy. Both wet and dry foods can meet their nutritional needs, though many veterinarians recommend a combination of both. Wet food provides additional hydration, which is beneficial for urinary tract health, while dry food can help maintain dental health through mechanical cleaning action.

Portion control is important for American Bobtails, as their substantial build can make it difficult to determine if they're at a healthy weight. Adult cats typically need about 20 calories per pound of body weight daily, though this varies based on activity level, metabolism, and whether they've been spayed or neutered. Feed measured portions rather than free-feeding to prevent obesity, which can lead to various health problems including diabetes and joint issues. Most adult American Bobtails do well with two meals per day, though some owners prefer three smaller meals, especially for cats prone to vomiting from eating too quickly.

Kittens have different nutritional requirements than adults, needing more calories and nutrients to support their rapid growth and development. Feed American Bobtail kittens food specifically formulated for kittens until they reach about one year of age. Kittens typically need three to four meals per day until about six months old, then can transition to twice-daily feeding. As they approach adulthood, gradually transition them to adult cat food over a period of seven to ten days by mixing increasing amounts of adult food with decreasing amounts of kitten food.

Senior American Bobtails, typically those over seven years old, may benefit from senior-specific formulas that support aging cats' needs, including joint health and kidney function. Monitor older cats' weight carefully, as they may need fewer calories as their activity level decreases. Fresh, clean water should always be available. Some American Bobtails prefer running water and will drink more from cat water fountains, which can encourage better hydration. Avoid feeding your cat dog food, raw meat, fish with bones, or human foods that are toxic to cats such as onions, garlic, chocolate, grapes, and artificial sweeteners like xylitol.

The American Bobtail is generally a healthy, robust breed with a lifespan of 13-15 years, though some individuals live well into their late teens with proper care. The breed's diverse genetic background, resulting from outcrossing with domestic cats, has contributed to their overall genetic health and vigor. Unlike some purebred cats that suffer from breed-specific genetic conditions, American Bobtails benefit from hybrid vigor due to their development from a natural mutation and broad genetic base. However, like all cats, they can be susceptible to certain health conditions that owners should monitor.

Working with a reputable breeder who health tests their breeding cats can help ensure you start with a healthy kitten. Responsible breeders screen for genetic conditions and provide health guarantees. Throughout your American Bobtail's life, maintaining preventive care, providing a nutritious diet, ensuring regular exercise, and monitoring for any changes in behavior or health will help your cat live a long, healthy, and happy life.

American Bobtails come in two coat varieties: short and long-haired, both featuring a double coat that's somewhat hard and resilient rather than soft or silky. The long-haired variety, which is more common, has a medium-length shaggy coat with a notable ruff around the neck, britches on the hind legs, and tufts between the toes. The short-haired variety has a medium-length coat with a similar texture and density but without the longer fur of their long-haired counterparts. Both coat types are designed to protect against harsh weather conditions, reflecting the breed's hardy nature.

One of the most appealing aspects of the American Bobtail is that they come in all colors and patterns. From solid colors like black, white, blue, and red to various tabby patterns including classic, mackerel, spotted, and ticked, the breed showcases incredible variety. Color-point patterns, tortoiseshell, calico, and bi-color variations are all accepted. Their eyes can be any color regardless of coat color, including gold, green, copper, blue, or odd-eyed (each eye a different color). This diversity means there's an American Bobtail to appeal to virtually any aesthetic preference.

Grooming requirements for American Bobtails are moderate and manageable. Short-haired individuals need weekly brushing to remove loose hair and distribute skin oils throughout the coat. Long-haired American Bobtails require more attention, typically needing brushing two to three times per week to prevent matting and reduce shedding. Both varieties shed moderately year-round, with increased shedding during spring and fall seasonal changes. Regular brushing during these times helps manage the increased hair loss and keeps your home cleaner. Most American Bobtails tolerate grooming well, especially when started young.

Bathing is rarely necessary for American Bobtails unless they get into something messy or have a skin condition requiring medicated baths. Their coat naturally resists dirt and maintains its condition without frequent washing. If bathing is needed, use a cat-specific shampoo and thoroughly rinse to prevent residue. Trim nails every two to three weeks or as needed, checking paws regularly for any debris caught between toe tufts. Clean ears when they appear dirty, using a veterinarian-recommended ear cleaner and cotton ball, never inserting anything into the ear canal. Regular grooming sessions provide bonding time and allow you to check for any skin problems, lumps, or parasites.

American Bobtails are exceptionally well-suited to families with children, displaying a patient, gentle nature that makes them ideal feline companions for kids of all ages. These cats tolerate the enthusiastic attention of younger children remarkably well, rarely resorting to scratching or biting even when play gets a bit rough. Their playful nature matches children's energy levels, and they often engage willingly in interactive games like fetch or chase. Many American Bobtails seem to genuinely enjoy the company of children, seeking them out for play and companionship. However, as with all pets, children should be taught proper handling techniques and respectful interaction to ensure positive experiences for both cat and child.

Supervision of interactions between young children and cats is always advisable, particularly with toddlers who may not yet understand how to be gentle. Teach children to approach the cat calmly, pet gently, and never pull on the tail, ears, or whiskers. Show them how to recognize when the cat wants to be left alone, such as when eating, using the litter box, or retreating to a quiet space. American Bobtails are generally tolerant, but every cat has limits, and respecting those boundaries teaches children empathy and responsibility while preventing any negative encounters that might frighten either party.

American Bobtails' social nature extends to other household pets, making them excellent companions for multi-pet homes. They typically get along well with other cats, especially when properly introduced using gradual introduction methods. Their playful disposition means they often enjoy having feline companions for wrestling and chasing games. Many American Bobtails also coexist peacefully with cat-friendly dogs, particularly when raised together from a young age. Their confident, outgoing personality means they're usually not intimidated by dogs, though proper introductions and supervision are essential until both pets are comfortable with each other.

When introducing an American Bobtail to existing pets, use slow, controlled introduction methods. Start by keeping the new cat separated and allowing pets to smell each other under doors. Gradually progress to visual contact through baby gates before allowing supervised interactions. Feed pets on opposite sides of a door to create positive associations. This process may take days to weeks depending on the individual animals involved. The American Bobtail's adaptable nature usually facilitates this process, but rushing introductions can create lasting negative associations, so patience is key to establishing harmonious multi-pet households.